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Infant immune systems can learn to accept incompatible heart transplants



Human retinal cells differentiate into retinal cells in mice

  
November 1, 2004
  
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ASBMT HOME

Tandem BMT Meetings
Feb 10 - 14, 2005
Keystone, Colorado

 
Nuclear Terrorism

In your opinion, what's the likelihood of a nuclear terrorist attack in North America in the next 10 years?

(Note: Your answers to this interactive poll are anonymous.)
 

Last Month's Poll Results

ASBMT leaders are considering public policy positions on topics such as embryonic stem cell research and storage of stem cells by healthy adults for themselves and their children.
 
62% of responding readers agreed that the Society should be an aggressive advocate in all areas affecting the interests of hematopoietic stem cell transplant clinicians, investigators and patients.
   
38% agreed that the Society should limit its advocacy to matters directly related to its core mission: promoting rapid dissemination of basic and clinical research, advancing BMT practice, and maintaining high standards of patient care.

No one agreed that the Society should avoid matters of public policy, strictly confining its energies and resources to scientific advancement through scholarly publication and scientific meetings.
Calendar

• November
European Society of Gene Therapy (ESGT)
12th Annual Meeting
Nov. 4-7
Tampere Hall Congress Center
Tampere, Finland

• December
American Society of Hematology (ASH)
46th Annual Meeting
Dec. 4-7
San Diego Convention Center San Diego, California

American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB)
44th Annual Meeting
Dec. 4-8
Washington Convention Center
Washington, D.C.

2005
• January
Stem Cell Transplantation in Children: Current Results and Controversies
Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children and
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Jan. 20-22
DoubleTree La Posada
Scottsdale, Arizona

• February

Tandem BMT Meetings
(Combined ASBMT and CIBMTR annual meetings)
Feb. 10-14
Keystone Conference Center
Keystone, Colorado

• March
American Society of Transplantation (AST)
and Canadian Society of Transplantation (CST)

9th Annual Winter Symposium
March 16-20
Fairmont Banff Springs
Banff, Alberta

European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)
31st Annual Meeting
March 20 – 23
Prague Congress Centre
Prague, Czech Republic

• April
American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
96th Annual Meeting
April 16-20
Anaheim Convention Center
Anaheim, California

American Society for Apheresis
26th Annual Meeting
April 27-30
Hyatt Regency Chicago
Chicago, Illinois

• May
International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT)
11th Annual Meeting
May 4-7
Vancouver Convention & Exhibition Center
Vancouver, British Columbia

Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies (FOCIS)
5th Annual Conference
May 12-16
Boston, Massachusetts

American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (ASPH/O)

18th Annual Meeting
May 14-16
Renaissance Washington D.C. Hotel
Washington, D.C.

American Society for Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
41st Annual Meeting
May 14-17
Orlando, Florida

American Society of Transplantation (AST)
American Transplant Congress
May 20-25
Seattle, Washington

• June
International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR)
3rd Annual Meting
June 23-25
San Francisco Marriott
San Francisco, California

• July
Aplastic Anemia & MDS International Foundation (AA&MDSIF)
Patient & Family Conference
July 28-30
Denver Airport Marriott
Aurora, Colorado

International Society for Experimental Hematology (ISEH)
34th Annual Scientific Meeting
July 30-Aug. 2
Glasgow, Scotland

2006

Tandem BMT Meetings
(Combined ASBMT and CIBMTR annual meetings)
Feb. 15-19
Hawaii Convention Center
Honolulu, Hawaii

2007
Tandem BMT Meetings

(Combined ASBMT and CIBMTR annual meetings)
Feb. 8-12
Keystone Conference Center
Keystone, Colorado

2008
Tandem BMT Meetings

(Combined ASBMT and CIBMTR annual meetings)
Feb. 13-17
Manchester Grand Hyatt Hotel
San Diego, California

 
  
Top Stories
 
Infant immune systems can learn to accept incompatible heart transplants
Infant immune systems can reprogram themselves to accept transplants from donors of different blood types, according to a study published in the November issue of the journal Nature Medicine. At the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, 20 infants up to age 14 months with ABO incompatibility learned to accept incompatible heart transplants, although they still required immunosuppressant drugs.
   

Researchers identify a protein that makes cancer cells more aggressive
High levels of a protein called LRP6 can make cancer cells more aggressive, according to an advance online study to be published in the journal Oncogene. Researchers at Washington University say the protein's ability to enhance tumor development suggests that the gene that codes for LRP6 is an oncogene.

 
Neurology community announces support for government funding of stem cell research
The American Academy of Neurology and the American Neurological Association have publicly announced their support for government funding of adult and embryonic stem cell research. “As scientists and healers, we have a strong moral and ethical obligation to pursue research that may result in beneficial treatments for diseases that are among the most debilitating and costly in human society," said Sandra F. Olson, M.D., president of the AAN.
     
Cancer survivors report poorer quality of life
Cancer survivors have a poorer quality of life and poorer health outcomes than do similar control subjects without cancer, according to a study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. In this study of more than 1,800 cancer survivors, they reported higher levels of lost productivity and were more likely to report their health as fair or poor when compared with age-, sex-, and educational-attainment matched control subjects.
 

A Word from President Armand Keating, M.D.

Can you think of a major issue on which both George Bush and John Kerry agree?

Iraq? Tax cuts? Job creation? Health care? Education? Not much agreement there.

But there is one that hasn’t earned much media attention, probably because both candidates agree. Newsweek magazine identified it right after the Presidential debate on national security:

“Even Jim Lehrer, the moderator, seemed a bit surprised. He twice asked the candidates: both of you really believe this is the ‘single most serious threat’ to America? Nuclear proliferation is, after all, a classic wonk’s issue. But George W. Bush and John Kerry agreed on this and little else in their debate last week: the spread of nuclear fissile material, equipment and know-how is their top national-security priority. And American’s No. 1 nightmare is that proliferation may yield a nuclear device detonation by terrorists in a U.S. city.”

Concerns about global nuclear war, less likely than in the past, have been replaced by the real potential of a terrorist strike using radiological weapons. It’s known that a lot of nuclear material is missing in this world, and these materials could possibility enter the black market where they’d be acquired by terrorists. We’ve been told of a couple scenarios:

• The so-called “dirty bomb” that would use conventional explosives with low levels of radioactive materials. The injury and damage to property would be limited. The primary purpose would be psychological terror.

• More frightening is the detonation of a true nuclear device, the “nuclear suitcase bomb.” Injuries and destruction would be catastrophic.

There’s also the concern about a terrorist attack on a nuclear power plant, either to expose the core reactor or, an easier target, a pool of spent nuclear fuel. The atmospheric plume of radiation could have immediate health effects nearby and long-term effects for those at great distances.

More than a few experts believe that one of these attacks, somewhere, is likely.

In any of these scenarios, immediate help for survivors would be given by emergency responders and intensive care and burn centers. After the first triage for traumatic and medical emergencies, there would be a sorting out of victims who have little trauma but significant exposure to radiation from the initial blast or from fall out. These are the people who, with medical support, could be saved because their radiation dose was limited by shielding or distance from the blast. They’d have to be transported to locations of tertiary care.

But where? We have no network of stand-by radiation sickness centers. Most physicians and other health-care personnel are unfamiliar with medical treatment of radiological casualties. There would be a scramble to find health professionals with relevant training or experience.

So what kinds of physicians would be sought?

• Those who have experience with the toxic effects of ionizing radiation on the whole body.

• Those familiar with reduced lymphocyte counts and with resultant immunosuppression.

• Those who know about leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and bone marrow depression.

• Those who can provide hematopoietic support.

• Those who are comfortable with broad-spectrum antibiotics and anti-fungals.

• Those familiar with CSFs that induce bone marrow progenitor cells to proliferate and differentiate into mature blood cell types.

• Those who can accomplish allogeneic stem cell transplantation to re-establish hematopoiesis.

• Those with credible expertise to communicate health risks to victims, emergency responders and the general population.

Sound like any group of physicians you know?

I can’t take credit for these insights or these questions. They are the product of a lot of thinking and analysis by Nelson Chao, M.D., who will be next year’s ASBMT president.

At a meeting of our Executive Committee last month, he asked and got approval to give these difficult issues some attention during his year as president. We’ll be looking at nuclear emergency preparedness, examining issues such as emergency planning, command and control, communications systems, resource availability and public information. There’s no doubt that psychological and behavioral responses could be as important and challenging as treatment of radiation-related injuries and illnesses.

The objective of all this is for you, our members, not to be caught unprepared if the unthinkable -- but hardly impossible -- were to happen. Rather important stuff for us to consider and for our Board of Directors to contemplate when it meets next month in San Diego.

The members of the Executive Committee and I told Nelson that we are lined up squarely behind him.

- Armand

 
Clinical Research
 
  AMA provides initial guidance on centralized clinical trials registry
Last month, the American Medical Association released to Congress its initial guidance on establishing a centralized clinical trials registry, designed to gather information on all drugs, biologics, medical devices and medical interventions into one database. AMA hopes the database will prevent duplication of research efforts and wants it to be accessible to the public so patients have the opportunity to participate in clinical trials.  

  Rituximab may improve survival in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Use of rituximab after autologous stem cell transplantation increases remission in patients with follicular and mantle cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, according to a study published in the November issue of the journal Annals of Oncology. German researchers conducted a clinical trial involving 31 patients and discovered that 72 percent of patients also receiving rituximab had no detectable cancer cells, compared with 53 percent with the transplant alone.


  Human retinal cells differentiate into retinal cells in mice
Human retinal stem cells transplanted into the eyes of baby mice survive, migrate, integrate, and differentiate into the neural retina, according to a report published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The majority of the eye stem cells, taken from people from newborns into their 70s, were discovered in the photoreceptor layer of the retina.


  Certain diseases may affect success of stem cell transplants
In mice with Alzheimer’s disease, signals from existing brain cells may confuse the movement of implanted neuronal stem cells. In these mice, olfactory stem cells were attracted to amyloid plaques, rather than returning to the olfactory bulb as they do in normal adult mice. This finding indicates that disease can create “microenvironments” that affect cell behavior.
 
Pharmaceutical News
 
  Companies sign agreement to market embryonic stem cell culture medium
Thromb-X N.V. in Leuven, Belgium, and Chemicon International in Temecula, Calif., have signed an exclusive global agreement to market embryonic stem cell reagents developed by Thromb-X. Through this agreement, Chemicon will make available the TX-WES culture medium to the worldwide mouse embryonic stem cell community. 
   
  Association News
 

  Record early registration and abstracts for 2005 Tandem BMT Meetings
The records set at this year’s Tandem BMT Meetings in Orlando aren’t likely to stand for more than a year. The deadlines for early registration and abstract submission were Oct. 18 for the upcoming meetings, which are scheduled for Feb. 10-14 in Keystone, Colo. As of the deadlines: Abstract submissions were up 11%, and early registrations up 16%, compared to a year ago. Registration and housing information are online.  

  BMT administrators finalize their agenda for Keystone
Contracting, risk management, strategic alliances, marketing, disclosure, staffing models and resources for under-insured patients -- these are among the topics that will be on the agenda for the BMT center administrators when they meet Feb. 11-12, a conference that parallels the Tandem BMT Meetings in Keystone, Colo. 

  FACT workshops scheduled for Tandem BMT Meetings
The Foundation for the Accreditation of Cellular Therapy (FACT) will be conducting two workshops on Feb. 9, the day before the opening of the 2005 Tandem BMT Meetings. The workshops will be “Preparing Your Facility for FACT Inspection” and “FACT Inspector Training.” 

  Hurricanes, power outages, disease pandemic -- are you prepared?
ASBMT leaders are assembling an ad hoc Committee on Emergency Preparedness to draw up guidelines for transplant centers to prepare for localized emergencies. The chair will be ASBMT Past President John Wingard, M.D., who, based in Florida, has recent firsthand experience coping with the unexpected as three hurricanes have swept the state this season. If you have experience or expertise to offer, he would like to hear from you.

  NIH to designate three centers for regenerative medicine research
The NIH has announced plans to designate three multi-disciplinary "centers of excellence" for accelerating translational research in regenerative medicine using human stem and progenitor cells. Funding will be up to $1.5 million per year per center for four years. The application deadline is March 24, 2005.

  Free ASBMT membership for trainees
Post-doctoral fellows and physicians-in-training for blood and marrow transplantation are eligible for free membership in the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. During the months of November and December, the annual dues will be waived for new trainees who apply for membership in the Society.

  Young investigators are eligible for $1,000 honoraria for review articles
Young investigators -- those not more than five years past a doctoral degree -- are eligible for $1,000 honoraria for preparing review articles for Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Young investigators frequently team up with a senior investigator when preparing a manuscript. For more information, contact Robertson Parkman, M.D., scientific reviews editor for the journal.  

  Dues statements mailed in mid-October
Statements for 2005 dues were mailed in mid-October to ASBMT members who had not yet renewed their membership by credit card. Dues for the coming year have been reduced by $50 in the Member, Associate Member and Affiliate Member categories.  

  Transplants vs. low-dose therapy in NHL is topic of online CME program
James Armitage, M.D., presents recent data on non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, focusing on clinical evidence that compares the outcomes of hematopoietic cell transplant to other therapies. The online program provides information on patient selection, expected outcomes of autologous and allogeneic transplantation, and the pros and cons of each choice in comparison to other therapies.  

 
 
  

Copyright © 2004 American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. All rights reserved.

The editor for ASBMT eNews is Andrew L. Pecora, M.D.

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